Distritos térmicos como modelo de calefacción sostenible: Un enfoque bibliométrico y una agenda de investigación

Thermal districts as a model for sustainable heating: A bibliometric approach and a research agenda

Abstract

Thermal districts are a sustainable alternative for energy generation and distribution, harnessing renewable energy sources to help reduce environmental impact and improve energy efficiency in cities. This development faces technological and expansion challenges but constitutes a key axis in the transition toward smarter and more sustainable energy systems. The objective of this research was to analyze study trends on thermal districts and their technological evolution through a bibliometric analysis. To achieve this, the PRISMA protocol was applied to a systematic review of scientific literature from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, identifying the most relevant countries, authors, and keywords. The results show that between 2014 and 2024, China led scientific production, with predominant terms such as energy efficiency, heat networks, and the Internet of Things. It is concluded that the research reflects sustained growth focused on innovation, sustainability, and energy efficiency.